Emjard M 5/500mg 10pcs

Indications of Emjard M 5/500 Tablet

EmpaMet is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus when treatment with both Empagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride is appropriate. Empagliflozin is indicated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.

Pharmacology of Emjard M 5/500 Tablet

Empagliflozin is a glucose-sodium cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. SGLT2 is the main transporter, responsible for the reabsorption of glucose from the kidneys into circulation. By inhibiting SGLT2, Empagliflozin reduces the kidney's reabsorption of filtered glucose, lowers the kidney's threshold for glucose, and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion. 
 

Metformin hydrochloride is an oral biguanide hypoglycemic agent, used to treat type 2 diabetes, which can reduce basal and postprandial blood sugar. It does not produce hypoglycemia. Metformin hydrochloride reduces the production of liver glucose, reduces the absorption of intestinal glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing the absorption and utilization of peripheral glucose.

Dosage & Administration of Emjard M 5/500 Tablet

The dosage of EmpaMet should be individualized based on effectiveness and tolerability. Take EmpaMet twice daily with meals. Dose escalation should be gradual to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects due to Metformin Hydrochloride. A maximum recommended daily dose of Metformin Hydrochloride is 2000 mg and Empagliflozin is 25 mg.

Recommended individualized starting dose:
In patients on Metformin Hydrochloride, switch to EmpaMet containing Empagliflozin 5 mg with a similar total daily dose of Metformin Hydrochloride. In patients on Empagliflozin, switch to EmpaMet containing Metformin Hydrochloride 500 mg with a similar total daily dose of Empagliflozin. Patients already treated with Empagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride separately switch to EmpaMet containing the same total daily doses of each component.

In patients with volume depletion not previously treated with Empagliflozin, correct this condition before initiating EmpaMet.

Renal impaired patient: Assess renal function before initiating EmpaMet. In patients with an eGFR below 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 EmpaMet is contraindicated.

Interactions of Emjard M 5/500 Tablet

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors may increase the risk of lactic acidosis. Consider more frequent monitoring. Drugs that reduce Metformin Hydrochloride clearance (such as Ranolazine, Vandetanib, dolutegravir, and Cimetidine) may increase the accumulation of Metformin Hydrochloride. Consider the benefits and risks of concomitant use. Alcohol can potentiate the effect of Metformin Hydrochloride on lactate metabolism. Warn patients against excessive alcohol intake.

Contraindications

EmpaMet is contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment and End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). It is also contraindicated in patients with metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, and patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reaction to Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride, or any of the excipients in EmpaMet.

Side Effects of Emjard M 5/500 Tablet

The most common adverse reactions associated with Empagliflozin (5% or greater incidence) are urinary tract infections and female genital mycotic infections. The most common adverse reactions associated with Metformin Hydrochloride (>5%) are diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, indigestion, asthenia, and headache.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy: Advise females of the potential risk to a fetus, especially during the second and third trimesters. Lactation: EmpaMet is not recommended when breastfeeding.

The safety and effectiveness of EmpaMet in pediatric patients under 18 years of age have not been established.

Precautions

Lactic Acidosis: Postmarketing cases of Metformin Hydrochloride-associated lactic acidosis. If lactic acidosis is suspected, general supportive measures should be instituted promptly in a hospital setting, along with immediate discontinuation of EmpaMet. Hypotension: Before initiating EmpaMet assess and correct volume status in patients with renal impairment, the elderly, patients with low systolic blood pressure, and in patients on diuretics. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension after initiating therapy and increase monitoring in clinical situations where volume contraction is expected. Ketoacidosis: Before initiating EmpaMet assess patients who present with signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis for ketoacidosis, regardless of blood glucose level. If suspected, discontinue EmpaMet, evaluate, and treat promptly. Acute kidney injury & impairment in renal function: Consider temporarily discontinuing EmpaMet in settings of reduced oral intake or fluid losses. If acute kidney injury occurs, discontinue EmpaMet promptly and institute treatment. Urosepsis, Pyelonephritis, Fournier’s gangrene & Genital mycotic infections: Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors increases the risk for urinary tract infections. Evaluate patients for signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections and treat promptly, if indicated. Hypoglycemia: Consider lowering the dose of the insulin secretagogue or insulin to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia when initiating EmpaMet. Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Metformin Hydrochloride may lower vitamin B12 levels. Monitor hematologic parameters annually. Increased LDL-C: Monitor and treat as appropriate. Macrovascular Outcomes: There have been no clinical studies establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with EmpaMet.

Storage Conditions

Keep below 300C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.